Community
Forestry
Program
Work Team,
Cornell Univ.
Cornell University

Community Forestry
Home Page


Community Forestry Planning

  • Developing a Master Plan
  • Acknowledgments (work team members)


  • Conducting a Street Tree Inventory

  • Street Tree Project History
  • Hiring the SWAT Team
  • Using Local Volunteers
  • Using Municipal Staff
  • Training Procedure
  • Utilizing the street tree inventory
  • PR Documents and Training Downloads
  • Tree Inventory Template Download


  • Resources

    Site contact:
    Dr. Nina L. Bassuk
    Dept. of Horticulture
    Room 20 Plant Science
    Cornell University
    Ithaca, NY 14853
    Phone: (607) 255-4586
    Fax:(607) 255-9998
    Email: nlb2@cornell.edu

    Community Forestry
    Conducting a Street Tree Inventory

    Utilizing the Street Tree Inventory

    A street tree inventory is used as a benchmark, to provide a starting point in the master planning process. After the present state of the urban forest is established with your inventory, you can see how close your management efforts are in relation to your goals.

    The following information can be pulled out of an inventory and used to formulate goals for the master plan. The suggestions below offer possible interpretations to your master plan. Depending on your community's budget, goals, and resources, you may interpret your findings differently.

    Species distribution - The percentage of each species of tree (how many sugar maple, red oak, honeylocust, etc.).

    Importance to Master plan

    • For species diversity, your master plan may state "do not choose plant species that occupy more than "x"% of the community forest". Some communities set 5 to 10% as the limit.
    • In this case, there would be a moratorium on planting every tree species that is more than 5 to 10% of the street tree population.

    Size class distribution - shows the proportion of trees by size.

    Importance to Master Plan

    • To optimize the value and benefit of trees, the community forest should have a high percentage of large canopy trees. Note: large canopies mean large diameters.
    • If you are planting trees regularly, the size distribution should be relatively even, tapering off at the larger (older) sizes.
    • If your inventory shows few small diameter trees (chart below), your master plan may state "concentrate on planting new trees until size classes even off".
    • If your inventory shows few larger diameter trees,you may need to plant more trees that mature at larger sizes.

    Tree Condition - show the percentage of good, fair, poor and dead trees.

    Importance to Master Plan

    • Once the poor and fair condition trees are identified, an arborist can assess which trees need to be removed first and provide an estimate.
    • If your inventory shows a high percentage of poor trees, you may have to budget more removals the first few years.

    Percent stocking - gives the number of plantable spaces relative to total number of trees.

    Importance to Master Plan

    • For a small community, a reasonable goal may be to reach 75 - 80% stocking.
    • When planning your annual budget, consider three factors
      1. How many trees must be removed?
      2. How many trees can you afford to plant? Note: To increase percent stocking, the number planted must be greater than the number removed.
      3. Based on the amount that planting exceeds removal, on an annual basis, how long will it take to reach your goal of percent stocking?
    • Your master plan may state, "increase percent stocking by "x"% in five years." Community budget will determine how much you can increase the number of trees by, perhaps 2 to 10%.

    Tree Planting - sort your data base to list planting sites.

    Importance to Master Plan

    • Your community may set priorities for choosing planting sites based on;
      1. Streets without shade,
      2. Residential areas near commercial or business districts,
      3. People that want a tree. Note: you can send a letter to potential homes with planting sites. State that they have been identified as a planting site and should call if they have questions. After planting, follow-up with property owner by giving the name of tree and care instructions.
    • Your master plan may state, "planting sites prioritized by, 1. streets with little shade, 2. streets near business districts, 3. homes with people that want, and will help maintain newly planted trees."

    Using Excel
    The following tutorial teaches you how to utilize the data in your inventory. The fields of data used in the examples below are based on the inventory forms available at the
    Tree Forms Inventory Template Download. See a sample Tree inventory workbook (xls).

    If using the Pendragon Forms template downloaded from these web pages, download this excel worksheet TreeInventoryTemplate (xls) and import your data directly into it. See a Sample Inventory (xls) in this format.

    Filtering Data - to find all trees with a common feature. Filter your tree inventory by field to get a selected list. Such as, trees needing consultation, where planting sites are, etc.

    1. Click on Data at the top of the page, highlight Filter, then move across to the pop-up window at right and select AutoFilter. This allows you to select any entry in the column to create an exclusive list.
    2. Ex. Under the Consult column click on the arrow to expand the Pop-up menu, then choose Y. Only the records that were recorded as Yes for consult will remain.
    3. Many utility companies will be happy to look at trees needing consultation that impact 3-phase utility lines. To create a list for the utility company, use the list sorted for "consult" and under the "wires" field, select "3-phase". The resulting list will be of trees needing consultation under 3-phase wires.
    4. Go back to Data, Filter, then ShowAll to return all records to view.

    Making Pivot Tables - Pivot tables allow you to summarize values within a data field. Pivot tables will be used for finding Species Distribution, Size Class Distribution, Tree Condition, and Percent Stocking.

    1. Click on Data at the top of the page, and select PivotTable and PivotChart Report...
    2. Under Where is the data that you want to analyze? select Microsoft excel list or database. Under What kind of report do you want to create? select PivotTable. Click Next.
    3. In the next step, the range should be the entire table (by default you will see a moving hyphenated line around the table). Click Next.
    4. Under "Where do you want to put the Pivot Table report" select New Worksheet, then click Finish.
    5. Under PivotTable Field List, select and drag the desired field (Ex. common name) to the Drop Row Fields Here. Go back to the PivotTable Field List, select and drag the same field (Ex. common names) to the Drop Data Items Here. You should now see a list of trees by common name and the quantity of each in the data field.
      Select one of the following fields to establish the corresponding data set:
      • common name - Species distribution
      • DBH - Size class distribution
      • condition - Tree condition
      • planting sites - Percent stocking
    6. Double click on the cell (3A above) Count of Common name, select options, under show data as, select % of total. Under name, type "Percent of total", then click OK.
    7. To change to data order (highest value at top) RIGHT click on attribute in A column (Common_name) and select field settings. Click on advanced, then under Autosort options select Descending. Under Using field select Percent of total. Click on OK until back to the table.
    8. Click on the Chart Wizard icon wizard icon to view the data in a table.



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