Cane borers use their mouthparts to chew two rings of punctures which girdle the tips of canes. Females deposit eggs between the rings of punctures and larvae, or grubs, hatch and feed inside the cane.
Canes often break off, or at least wilt, above the swelling.
The red-necked cane-borer adult
Cane blight, a fungal disease, can infect canes and girdle them, causing the upper portion of the canes to die.
Tree crickets lay eggs in canes, often causing the portion above the eggs to die.
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This is a part of The Berry Diagnostic Tool - a companion to the NRAES Production Guides for Strawberries, Raspberries and Blueberries